For businesses and MYPEs
What the site has for anyone running a small business in Peru: free tools, the complaints-book checklist and 90 pages that concern a business, grouped by topic. Every page cites the law and flags what we could not verify.
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Complaints-book checklist
The book, the notice, the deadline to answer and how long to keep the sheets, as a list to check your premises or your online shop against.
BusinessComplaints book kit
The notice for your premises (Annex II), the complaint sheet in force (Annex I), the notice for your website (Annex III) and the date to answer each complaint within 15 business days, with a calendar reminder. Formats copied from the regulation.
BusinessNotice signs for your business
Print the service-charge sign (up to 13 %, only if agreed with your staff), the priority-service sign and your price list, each with the rule that requires it.
WorkIs my company a MYPE?
From your annual sales and whether you are registered with REMYPE, tells you whether the general regime, small enterprise or microenterprise applies — the fact the other labor calculators assume you already know.
Employers and workersSunafil fine calculator
Estimate a labor fine by crossing severity, affected workers and employer size against the official table in article 48 of the regulation (DS 019-2006-TR, as amended by DS 008-2020-TR).
ConsumerCheck the terms of an adhesion contract
Tick what a clause does and see which part of Articles 47–51 of Law 29571 describes it, with the text of the law. For consumers who signed and for businesses checking their contract before using it.
Pages for businesses, by topic
The 90 pages we tag as relevant to businesses. Many are written from the customer's or the worker's side: they tell you what can be asked of you, and by whom.
Work28
A close relative died: how many days of paid bereavement leave do private-sector workers get in Peru?
If you work in Peru's private sector and your spouse, a parent, a child or a sibling dies, Ley 31602 gives you five calendar days of paid leave. If the death happens somewhere else, you get extra travel days on top.
✓ Verified against the official sourceChild labor in Peru: minimum ages and required authorization
In Peru, an adolescent can generally start working at 14 (12 in exceptional cases), but the work needs authorization from both the parents/guardians and the competent authority, unless it's unpaid family work.
✓ Verified against the official sourceCollective layoffs for economic reasons in Peru: what your employer must do before dismissing you
If your employer wants to end your contract for economic, technological, or structural reasons together with other workers', the law only allows it when it affects 10% or more of the staff, and requires a formal process before the Labor Ministry with negotiation, a technical audit, and fixed deadlines — a simple notice isn't enough. If the layoff goes through, you're entitled to your CTS severance pay within 48 hours and a one-year preference right to get your job back.
✓ Verified against the official sourceDoes your employer in Peru have to give you a work certificate when you leave?
Yes. When your employment contract ends, your employer must give you, within 48 hours, a certificate stating, among other things, how long you worked there and what kind of work you did. An assessment of your conduct or performance goes in only if you ask. If you don't get it, you can report it to Sunafil.
✓ Verified against the official sourceEsSalud coercive collection in Peru: what it is, who it targets and how to defend yourself
It depends on the debt. Unpaid EsSalud contributions are a tax debt: Sunat collects them under the Tax Code. Non-tax debts, such as the cost of care EsSalud gave to a delinquent employer's workers, EsSalud collects itself under Ley 26979, which lets you ask for suspension and seek judicial review.
✓ Verified against the official sourceMedical leave in Peru: who pays the first 20 days, and when does EsSalud's sickness benefit start?
Your employer pays the first 20 days of sick leave in each year as normal salary. From day 21, you get an EsSalud benefit, which your employer advances and then claims back. You need a CITT certificate and enough recent contributions, and the claim must be made within six months.
✓ Verified against the official sourceMy child is seriously ill or has cancer: how much leave does Peruvian law give me, and who pays?
If your child has a serious or terminal illness or a serious accident, you get up to seven calendar days of paid leave, plus up to thirty more charged to your vacation. If your child under 18 has cancer, the law grants up to one year of paid leave: the employer pays the first 21 days and EsSalud the rest.
✓ Verified against the official sourceNon-compete clauses after you leave a job in Peru: is what you signed valid?
Peru has no law that expressly regulates non-compete clauses for after an employment contract ends: none sets a maximum duration, requires compensation, or limits the clause's geographic or industry scope. That does not make these clauses automatically void or automatically valid — courts weigh them case by case against the freedom to work protected by Article 2, paragraph 15 of the Constitution, and against the Civil Code rule that voids acts contrary to public order or good customs. Peruvian labor-law scholarship, drawing on practice in other countries, identifies three factors that make a clause more defensible: a genuine business interest, a reasonable time limit, and economic compensation — but no Peruvian court has fixed these as a mandatory requirement.
✓ Verified against the official sourceOutsourcing and staffing agencies in Peru: differences and joint liability
These are two different legal setups. In outsourcing (tercerización), the company that hires you takes on its own risk, resources and direction over your work, even if you do that work at another company's premises (the "principal" company). In labor intermediation (staffing), you're "assigned" to work under the direct orders of a "user" company, only for reasons of temporariness, complementary work, or specialization, capped at 20% of the user company's staff if it's temporary. If you're used as plain labor supply without meeting these requirements, the law gives you a direct employment relationship with the company where you actually work, and both setups carry joint liability — under different conditions — so you don't go unpaid.
✓ Verified against the official sourcePerfect suspension of work for force majeure in Peru: what can your employer do?
After a fortuitous event or force majeure, your employer can suspend work without pay for up to ninety days, with no prior approval, but must notify the labour authority at once. If the authority finds the cause does not exist, it orders you back to work and paid for the suspended time.
✓ Verified against the official sourceProfit-sharing (utilidades) for workers in Peru: who qualifies and how it's calculated
Only if your employer averages more than 20 workers and generates third-category (business) income. The percentage of the company's pre-tax annual profit varies by industry (5% to 10%), is split 50% by days worked and 50% by your pay, and is capped at 18 monthly salaries per worker. It must be paid within 30 calendar days after the deadline for the company's annual income tax return.
✓ Verified against the official sourcePublic holidays in Peru: which days are they, and what are you paid if you work?
For private-sector workers, the national public holidays are the ones listed in article 6 of Legislative Decree 713. If you rest, you are paid for the day. If you work and get no substitute day off, you are paid for the work with a 100% surcharge, on top of the paid holiday.
✓ Verified against the official sourceSCTR (work risk insurance) in Peru: what it covers and what you can claim
If your employer carries out a risk activity (mining, fishing, construction, and over a hundred other activities listed in Anexo 5), it must pay for your SCTR: health coverage from day one and a pension of up to 70% of your pay if a work accident or occupational disease leaves you disabled. If it never contracted the insurance, EsSalud and ONP still cover you and bill the company for it afterward.
✓ Verified against the official sourceSunafil labor inspection in Peru: what can the inspector ask for on the day, and what happens next?
A Sunafil inspector can enter without notice, review payroll, pay slips and other records, and interview workers, even alone. If they find violations, they give you a deadline to fix them; if you do not, they issue an infraction report. Refusing to cooperate is itself a very serious violation. You can answer the report with a written defense.
✓ Verified against the official sourceT-Registro and PLAME in Peru: how fast must your employer register you, and what is the infraction if they don't?
Your employer must register you in the T-Registro within the same day you start work, whatever your contract, and deregister you within the first business day after your job ends. Not registering you is a very serious infraction, counted per worker; registering you late is a serious one.
✓ Verified against the official sourceTelework in Peru: what your employer owes you and when you can go back to the office
Under Law 31572, telework (teletrabajo) is voluntary and reversible: you can request to return to in-person work, your employer has 10 business days to respond, and silence counts as approval. Your employer must give you equipment and internet, or pay you for providing them yourself, plus your electricity costs. You also have a right to disconnect outside your working hours.
✓ Verified against the official sourceUnionizing in Peru: what protection do union leaders have
Joining a union is protected for every worker in Peru, but fuero sindical — the reinforced protection against dismissal or transfer — only covers union officers, delegates, candidates, and unions still being formed, and the law caps how many officers can hold it.
✓ Verified against the official sourceVoluntary resignation in Peru: the 30-day notice and how to ask to be excused from it
If you resign, the law requires you to give 30 days' written notice. Your employer can excuse you from that period on its own, or because you ask — and if you ask, silence works in your favor: if the employer doesn't reject your request in writing within the following three days, the law treats it as accepted.
✓ Verified against the official sourceWhat workplace safety (SST) obligations does your employer have in Peru?
Law 29783 requires every employer — no matter the industry — to protect your health and safety at work: assess the risks of your job at least once a year, train you, give you free medical exams, and either form a joint committee (20 or more workers) or appoint a supervisor (fewer than 20). Facing an imminent danger, you can stop working without waiting for authorization.
✓ Verified against the official sourceWhich benefits change if you work part time in Peru?
A part-time contract is valid with no hour limit, but the law draws a line at an average of four hours a day: only at or above that threshold do you get CTS severance savings, paid vacation, and protection requiring your employer to show just cause to fire you.
Partly verifiedDisability and work in Peru: employment quota and reasonable accommodations
Private employers with more than 50 workers must fill at least 3% of positions with people with disabilities (5% in the public sector), provide reasonable accommodations, and cannot discriminate based on disability; SUNAFIL inspects and fines private employers that fail to comply.
Partly verifiedHow much does Sunafil fine? The full table in UIT
It depends on three things: how serious the infraction is (minor, serious or very serious), how many workers are affected, and the size of the employer. A company outside the MYPE regime pays from 0.26 UIT for a minor infraction affecting up to 10 workers to 52.53 UIT for a very serious one affecting 1,000 or more. A registered microenterprise pays from 0.045 UIT.
Partly verifiedMutual agreement termination in Peru: what to sign and what not to
Mutual agreement termination (mutuo disenso) must be voluntary and in writing. It's only valid if your consent was truly free, and benefits you already earned can never be waived.
Partly verifiedPre-professional internship agreements in Peru: your rights as a practicante
Under Law 28518, an intern (practicante) is not legally an 'employee': no CTS or general-regime bonuses apply. But you are entitled to a minimum stipend (not less than one minimum wage at full internship hours), mandatory health/accident coverage, and a daily hour cap. If the company treats you like a regular worker, the agreement can be reclassified as employment.
Partly verifiedStrikes in Peru: Requirements for a Legal Strike
To be legal, a strike must have a genuine labor-related cause, be approved by a majority of workers in an assembly, and be reported in advance to the employer and to the Ministry of Labor; otherwise it's just a 'paro' that can expose you to sanctions.
Partly verifiedTruncated vacation pay in Peru: how it's calculated when you leave a job
When you leave, you're owed proportional truncated vacation pay (twelfths and thirtieths) for the incomplete year you worked, and if you already had a full year without taking your rest, you're also owed the so-called 'triple vacation payment' for that unused period.
Partly verifiedWhat happens if a company doesn't pay a Sunafil fine?
Just like Indecopi, Sunafil has its own coercive-collection power under Law No. 26979: it doesn't need to sue you in court to freeze your accounts or seize assets. Miss the 7-business-day payment window after notice and Sunafil can move straight to seizure — and unlike Indecopi, it has its own directive authorizing it to report you to credit bureaus, though Indecopi itself already ruled that practice illegal for at least one company.
Partly verifiedWorking for a MYPE in Peru: which benefits change compared with the general regime?
At a small business (pequeña empresa) you get 15 days of vacation, half-salary bonuses, reduced CTS, profit sharing and EsSalud. At a micro business, 15 days of vacation and semi-contributory SIS; the law grants no bonuses, CTS or profit sharing. Hours, overtime, weekly rest and holidays match the general regime.
Consumer22
Can a business in Peru charge you more for paying by card than in cash?
Only if it told you before you paid, prominently, visibly and accessibly, inside the premises. Article 7 of the Consumer Code allows a different price by payment method, but a «5% más con tarjeta» that first appears at the till is not enforceable.
✓ Verified against the official sourceCan a delivery app in Peru pre-select a tip for you by default?
No. A tip that comes ticked by default is a coercive commercial method under article 56.1(b) of the Consumer Code and collides with the information duty in article 2.2. Indecopi has sanctioned both Rappi and PedidosYa for it: the first was ordered to ask you whether you want to tip, the second to strip every pre-selected option out of the app.
✓ Verified against the official sourceComplaints book compliance for businesses in Peru: what the law requires
If you serve the public from premises or sell through a digital platform, you need a physical or virtual complaints book, a visible notice, a written answer to every reclamo and queja within 15 business days with no extension, and sheets kept for two years.
✓ Verified against the official sourceDo businesses in Peru have to show their prices before you buy?
Yes. Article 5 of the Consumer Code requires every business to display prices in an easily perceptible way and keep an accessible price list; pharmacies must list prices by generic name, and restaurants, bars and hotels must post their price list outside.
✓ Verified against the official sourceDo online stores in Peru need a complaints book?
Yes. Since 11 November 2025, Ley 32495 requires every e-commerce platform to have a complaints book and to display a permanent, visible link to it.
✓ Verified against the official sourceDoes a shop in Peru have to give you a receipt, even for a small purchase?
Yes. Anyone selling goods or services must issue a comprobante de pago; only for sales to final consumers of S/ 5.00 or less is issuing optional, and even then, if you ask for it, they must give it. Not issuing is a tax infraction punished with temporary closure of the premises.
✓ Verified against the official sourceHow long does a business in Peru have to answer a complaints-book entry?
Fifteen business days, with no extension possible, for both reclamos and quejas. The 30-day figure still floating around was the original 2011 text and stopped applying in 2022.
✓ Verified against the official sourceHow much can Indecopi fine a business? Minor, serious and very serious infractions
Peru's Consumer Code sets three bands: minor infractions get a warning or a fine of up to 50 UIT, serious ones a fine of up to 150 UIT, and very serious ones a fine of up to 450 UIT. A warning is not a fourth tier: it is the floor of the minor band.
✓ Verified against the official sourceIn Peru, can a shop charge you more at the till than the price on the shelf?
No. The displayed price is the price. Peru's Consumer Code requires the displayed price to be the total, taxes and charges included, and forbids charging any sum on top of it unless it is a separate, additional service such as delivery or installation.
✓ Verified against the official sourceIn Peru, can a shop round up the price or keep your change because there is «no sencillo»?
No. Article 44 of the Consumer Code prohibits rounding prices to the consumer's detriment unless you expressly accept it at the moment of payment. Without your explicit yes, the change is yours down to the last céntimo.
✓ Verified against the official sourceMinimum spend, cover charge, corkage, bread, water and "table service": can a restaurant in Peru charge you for them?
It depends on whether you were told first. A separate service, like corkage or a cover charge, must be disclosed in advance and accepted by you. Bread or water you did not ask for cannot be charged. A separate "table service" line outside the menu price is banned.
✓ Verified against the official sourceRestaurant reservation deposits, no-shows and cancelled events in Peru: can they charge you?
Sometimes. If your deposit worked as arras and you fail to show up through your own fault, the restaurant can keep it; if the restaurant is the one that fails, you can demand double. You must be told the conditions before you pay, and a judge can reduce a manifestly excessive penalty.
✓ Verified against the official sourceRestaurants, bars and cafés: your rights as a customer in Peru
Prices must be visible before you walk in, no separate charges may be added outside the final price, and the only surcharge allowed is the recargo al consumo (up to 13%), and only if you were told beforehand. Tips are always voluntary, you can demand a receipt, and the complaints book is mandatory.
✓ Verified against the official sourceThe libro de reclamaciones: who must have one and what it costs not to
Every commercial establishment open to the public — and since November 2025, every e-commerce platform — must have a complaints book, display the notice, and answer within 15 business days with no extensions.
✓ Verified against the official sourceWhat is the UIT, and how much is it worth in 2026?
The UIT (Unidad Impositiva Tributaria) is the reference unit almost every Peruvian fine, fee and threshold is written in. For 2026 it is S/ 5,500, set by Supreme Decree 301-2025-EF of the Ministry of Economy and Finance.
Partly verifiedHow do you file a complaint with Indecopi? Reclamo vs. denuncia, step by step
There are two tracks and they are not interchangeable: a reclamo (free, via Reclama Virtual) asks Indecopi to broker a settlement with the business; a denuncia (via Mesa de Partes Virtual, with a filing fee) opens a sanctioning procedure that can end in a fine. Indecopi puts it plainly: «Un reclamo no es una denuncia».
Partly verifiedWhat happens if a bank or insurer doesn't pay an SBS fine?
The supervised entity has 5 days from notification to pay. If it doesn't, the fine is adjusted for inflation plus legal interest, and the SBS starts coercive collection, which can end in seizure of bank accounts, assets, or receivables. No installment plan is provided for in the sanctions regulation.
Partly verifiedWhat happens if a clinic doesn't pay a SUSALUD fine?
The clinic has 15 business days from the moment the fine becomes final to pay. If it doesn't, legal interest starts accruing automatically and SUSALUD's own administration office can start coercive collection with bank and asset seizures under Peru's general Law 26979.
Partly verifiedWhat happens if a company doesn't pay a Sunat fine?
Unlike Indecopi and Sunafil, Sunat doesn't collect under Law No. 26979 — it has its own coercive-collection procedure inside the Tax Code. If the debt becomes collectible and you miss the 7-business-day window after the coercive-collection order is notified, the enforcement officer can freeze your accounts, seize assets, or intervene in the business's cash flow, with moratory interest running from the original due date.
Partly verifiedWhat happens if a company doesn't pay an Indecopi fine?
Indecopi doesn't need to sue you in court: Law No. 26979 gives it its own coercive-collection power (ejecución coactiva). Once the fine becomes final and you don't pay within 7 business days of notice, Indecopi can freeze your bank accounts, place liens on your assets, seize a share of your business's daily income, or auction off your property — none of it needs a judge's prior approval.
Partly verifiedWhat happens if a company doesn't pay an OSINERGMIN fine?
If the fine becomes final and stays unpaid, OSINERGMIN refers it to its own Coercive Enforcement Officer, who applies Law N.° 26979 and can freeze bank accounts, seize property, or garnish income.
Partly verifiedWhat happens if a company doesn't pay an OSIPTEL fine?
OSIPTEL can launch coercive collection and seize the company's assets or bank accounts; since 2026, filing a lawsuit no longer pauses that collection unless the company also posts a bank guarantee.
Paperwork18
Access to public information in Peru: deadlines, what the State can withhold, and how to appeal
Anyone can request information from any Peruvian government entity without saying why they want it. The entity has ten (10) business days to respond; if it doesn't, the request is treated as denied (negative silence) and you can appeal to the Transparency and Access to Public Information Tribunal within fifteen (15) calendar days. The State can only withhold information classified as secret, reserved, or confidential, and you can only be charged the cost of reproduction.
✓ Verified against the official sourceCan a restaurant or shop put tables, awnings or goods on the sidewalk in Peru?
The sidewalk is public road: Peruvian law treats it as property for public use. The municipality regulates and sanctions its use through its own ordinances. It can hold or remove anything occupying the sidewalk in breach of its rules, and any resident can report it in writing.
✓ Verified against the official sourceDigital Signature and Digital Certificate in Peru: Which Procedures Are Really 100% Virtual?
Your digital signature legally counts the same as your handwritten signature — but that doesn't make every procedure virtual. Law N.º 27269 and its Regulation say expressly that this validity "does not exclude compliance with the specific formalities" certain acts require, including notarial certification. That's why the procedures that are genuinely 100% virtual today are the ones that only need your digital certificate (activated on your electronic ID, the DNIe) and the electronic filing of already-notarized documents with the public registry (SID-SUNARP). What is not yet virtual is the act of executing the notarial instrument itself: signing a public deed by video call remains a legislative proposal, not current law.
✓ Verified against the official sourceHow do I get criminal, police and judicial records certificates in Peru, and who can demand them?
They are three separate certificates: criminal (Poder Judicial, S/ 40.40), police (PNP, S/ 5.40 online) and judicial (INPE, S/ 37.70), each valid for 90 days. The Certificado Único Laboral combines all three for free. A public office should not demand them if it can get that information through data sharing between agencies.
✓ Verified against the official sourceHow do I report an illegal bureaucratic barrier to Indecopi?
You file a complaint (*denuncia*) with Indecopi's Commission for the Elimination of Bureaucratic Barriers, or a regional commission, and pay the fee in Indecopi's TUPA (S/ 507.60). The Commission has up to 120 business days to decide. If you win, the requirement stops applying to you, and in some cases to everyone.
✓ Verified against the official sourceHow do you change your immigration status without leaving Peru?
You apply to Migraciones from inside Peru while your status is regular. If you file before your current period expires, that period is suspended until they decide; to travel meanwhile you need an authorization to stay outside the country.
✓ Verified against the official sourceHow do you get a municipal business license (licencia de funcionamiento) in Peru, and what can they ask for?
The district municipality where your premises are located issues it, and every business needs one before opening. For low- or medium-risk premises approval is automatic and must be issued within 2 business days; for high or very high risk there is a prior inspection and a limit of 8 business days, with positive administrative silence. The law sets a maximum list of requirements.
✓ Verified against the official sourceHow long the State has to respond to a procedure in Peru, and how to appeal: reconsideration vs. appeal
A Peruvian public entity has a maximum of thirty business days, counted from when you start your evaluación previa procedure, to resolve it and notify you (Article 142 of the TUO of Ley 27444), unless a specific law sets a different period for that procedure. If you're notified of a decision you disagree with, you have fifteen business days to challenge it: with a reconsideration (recurso de reconsideración), filed before the same authority with new evidence, or with an appeal (recurso de apelación), asking that authority to send the case up to its superior over a different reading of the existing evidence or a pure question of law.
✓ Verified against the official sourceInstallment plans for municipal tax debt in Peru: when they apply and what ends them
You can ask your municipality to let you pay overdue property tax (predial) or arbitrios in installments: Article 36 of the Código Tributario allows it, and once a resolution grants the plan, coercive collection must be suspended right away (Article 16.1.g of Ley N.º 26979). But each municipality approves its own regulation with its own minimum amounts, terms, and guarantee rules — Lima's, for example, requires a minimum monthly installment of S/ 60 and lets SAT ask for collateral once the debt exceeds 35 UIT — and losing the plan by missing installments makes the entire remaining debt, plus interest, immediately due.
✓ Verified against the official sourceMunicipal arbitrios in Peru: what they are, how they're calculated, and how to challenge them
Arbitrios aren't an amount your municipality sets however it likes: the law requires them to be calculated from the real cost of the service and distributed among taxpayers using, among other criteria, your property's use, size, and location — and the ordinance that sets the amount must be published by December 31 of the prior year. If you think your individual bill is miscalculated, you can dispute it within 20 business days; challenging the ordinance itself is a separate and far more restricted route.
✓ Verified against the official sourceMunicipal coercive collection in Peru: what happens if you don't pay property tax or arbitrios
Your municipality doesn't need to sue you in court to collect unpaid property tax (predial) or arbitrios: Law No. 26979 gives it its own coercive-collection track, separate from the one Indecopi or Sunat use. If the debt becomes collectible and you miss the 7-business-day window after the coercive-collection order is notified, the enforcement officer can freeze your accounts, register liens on your assets, or garnish funds third parties owe you -- but under more limited rules than Indecopi has, and at an interest rate each municipality sets on its own.
✓ Verified against the official sourceRestaurant business obligations in Peru: license, ITSE and sanitary rules
To open, you need a municipal operating license (licencia de funcionamiento, which never expires) and, depending on your venue's risk level, an ITSE safety inspection either before or after that license (the ITSE certificate does expire, every 2 years). You also need to meet what this site already has verified for restaurants: a visible price list, a complaints book, receipts, the service-charge cap, and the smoking/vaping ban. The food-handler health card (carné de sanidad) is still charged by most municipalities, though Indecopi has ruled it illegal to require periodic medical exams as a condition to operate.
✓ Verified against the official sourceSunarp copia literal and registry certificates: which one to order, what they cost and how to get them online
A copia literal reproduces the entries in a registry file; the certificado registral inmobiliario summarizes a property's owner, encumbrances and pending filings; a vigencia de poder confirms a representative. You order them online through Sunarp's SPRL. Consulta Vehicular and Alerta Registral are free.
✓ Verified against the official sourceValid notification of an administrative act in Peru: electronic mailbox, home address, and public notice
A notification is valid when the agency follows the legal order (personal delivery to your home address first, then email or an electronic mailbox only if you authorized it, and publication only as a last resort) and uses the correct address. Your deadline to pay, appeal, or respond starts running from when the notification takes legal effect, not from the date the act was issued.
✓ Verified against the official sourceVirtual mesa de partes in Peru: when does your filing count, and when does the day cut off?
If you file through MESA DIGITAL PERÚ, your filing counts as made that same day at any hour, even on a Saturday, Sunday or holiday, and the entity's deadline starts the next business day. Every public entity must also run a digital filing desk open 24 hours and give you a cargo showing date and time.
✓ Verified against the official sourceWho fines pollution in Peru: the municipality, OEFA, or both?
It depends on who is polluting. OEFA oversees companies in sectors such as mining, energy, industrial fishing and manufacturing. Your district municipality controls noise, smoke and street cleaning. If you are unsure, file with OEFA's national environmental complaints service: it forwards the complaint to the right authority, or to several.
Partly verifiedSunarp archived title vs. registry entry: what each one is and how to get a copy
An entry (asiento) is the summary of a transaction that Sunarp writes into the file (partida) for a property, company or vehicle. The archived title (título archivado) is the set of documents behind that entry: the deed, the plans, the registrar's decisions. A copia literal shows the entries; to see the documents, request the archived title online through the SPRL.
Partly verifiedWhen can a Peruvian municipality close your business, and how does the ITSE safety certificate work?
The municipality may only order a temporary closure on the grounds listed in Ley 31914, such as having no business license or no ITSE safety certificate. It cannot make you pay fines before reopening, and it must lift the closure within 48 hours of your formal notice that you fixed the problem. The ITSE certificate lasts two years and must be renewed.
Housing12
Building declaration, internal regulations and unit subdivision in Peru: what order do they go in?
First the municipality issues the conformidad de obra y declaratoria de edificación. Then the declaratoria de fábrica is registered at Sunarp. Only after that is the reglamento interno registered, and that registration splits each unit into its own registry file; the parent file keeps the common areas.
✓ Verified against the official sourceCommon areas and private areas in a building in Peru: roof terrace, parking space, rooftop and storage unit
The building's internal regulations and each unit's Sunarp record decide. If your parking space, storage unit or terrace is not registered as a private unit in your name, it is presumed common. Turning a common area private, or handing it to one neighbour, needs a two-thirds vote, and some areas cannot be transferred.
✓ Verified against the official sourceNoise and neighbor disturbances in Peru: what the law says
Article 961 of the Civil Code prohibits noise and other disturbances that exceed the normal tolerance owed between neighbors, and Supreme Decree N.° 085-2003-PCM sets technical noise limits in decibels by zone (residential, commercial, industrial, or special protection). The district municipality is the first authority responsible for enforcement, and only serious, repeated noise can rise to the environmental contamination crime under Article 304 of the Criminal Code.
✓ Verified against the official sourceWhat do I need to get a building permit (licencia de edificación) in Peru before I build?
Almost every building job in Peru needs a permit from the municipality before work starts. Ley 29090 sets four approval tracks (A, B, C and D) by size and use. Under track A, the stamped filing receipt is itself your permit, once you pay the processing fee.
✓ Verified against the official sourceWho can build an extra floor on top of an apartment building in Peru? Air rights, extra storeys and basements
It depends on the building's internal regulations. If they say nothing, the roof terrace and, according to Sunarp, the air rights count as common areas: building on top needs an owners' vote and a permit. If the regulations reserved the air rights to one owner, they belong to that owner and cannot be removed without their consent.
Partly verifiedBoundary disputes and deslinde between neighbors in Peru
Article 966 of Peru's Civil Code lets a property owner compel neighbors, whether owners or possessors, to carry out a boundary-fixing procedure (deslinde y amojonamiento) when the property line is unclear or the existing markers are wrong.
Partly verifiedBuilding without a license in Peru: what risk does the owner run
Building without a construction license (licencia de edificación) is an infraction subject to administrative sanction under Law No. 29090, but that law sets no nationwide fine amount or single procedure: each municipality sets its own fine in its own infraction table and can also order the work stopped or torn down.
Partly verifiedCertificate of completion with changes and regularization in Peru: what if the building does not match the permit?
If the work changed a little from the permit, you ask for the certificate of completion with changes, filing as-built drawings; it only works for non-substantial changes. If you built without a permit between 1 January 2017 and 17 September 2018, Law 29090 lets the municipality regularize it.
Partly verifiedExpedited eviction in Peru: when it applies and how it works
Peru has two fast-track eviction routes, from different laws: Ley N° 30201 creates an executory route (Article 594 of the Código Procesal Civil) for a contract with legalized signatures and a future-surrender clause; and Ley N° 30933 creates a separate notarial-then-judicial procedure. The Formulario Único de Arrendamiento (FUA) with executory force was created by Decreto Legislativo N° 1177, not Ley 30201, and it isn't the only way to qualify (a public deed also works for Ley 30933).
Partly verifiedHow do you correct a property's registered area, boundaries or measurements in Peru: notary or court?
Today, Ley 27333 lets you correct a property's registered area or boundaries in three ways: a public deed signed with every neighbor, a notary procedure if the real area is not larger than the registered one, or a court case if there is overlap or objection. Decreto Legislativo 1595 will replace it.
Partly verifiedIs building or fire insurance mandatory in Peru? When someone can require it
We found no law that requires homes or buildings in general to be insured against fire. Insurance comes in through other routes: the owners' association agrees on it or writes it into the internal rules, a bank makes it a condition of a mortgage, or a CAR policy is required while a multi-unit building is under construction.
Partly verifiedRight-of-way easements in Peru: what they are and how to claim one
If your property has no access to a public road, Peru's Civil Code lets you demand a right-of-way easement across a neighboring property, usually paying compensation, and generally along the route that causes the least damage.
ID & police3
ARCO Rights in Peru: Access, Rectification, Cancellation and Objection to Your Personal Data
Peru's Law N.° 29733 gives you six rights over your personal data: information, access, rectification/cancellation, blocking its transfer, opposition, and objective treatment. Anyone who handles your data must respond within 8, 10 or 20 business days depending on the right, free of charge. If they refuse or don't respond, you can complain to the National Personal Data Protection Authority (ANPD) or go straight to court via a habeas data action.
Partly verifiedVideo surveillance: your rights regarding security cameras
If a camera records you in a way that makes you identifiable, that footage counts as personal data under Law N° 29733. You can ask the entity that controls the camera for access or deletion, and complain to the ANPD if they ignore you.
Partly verifiedWhat happens if a company doesn't pay a data protection fine?
The regulation for Peru's Data Protection Law says an unpaid fine's enforcement "is governed by the law on the matter of the coercive-execution procedure" -- the same general framework already used by Indecopi and Sunafil to seize assets without a judge. Meanwhile, the debt accrues daily moratory interest starting the day after the payment deadline.
Immigration3
Can I work in Peru as a foreigner, and with what rights?
Yes, with a migration status that allows work and a written contract the employer files with the labour authority; once hired you have the same labour rights as a Peruvian. The company, not you, is bound by a quota (20% of staff, 30% of payroll) and the company is the one fined for hiring you without authorisation.
Partly verifiedWhat types of immigration status exist in Peru?
The law recognizes 31 distinct immigration statuses in two groups: 11 temporary ones (tourist, business, crew member, among others) for people not seeking to reside, and 20 residence ones (worker, resident's family member, rentier, investor, permanent, among others) for people who are. Each has its own authority, term, and rules on whether it allows paid work.
Partly verifiedWork visa vs. worker immigration status in Peru: what you actually need
Peru does not have a separate 'work visa': what you need is the Resident - Worker immigration status (calidad migratoria), which is only granted after a Peruvian employer gets your employment contract approved by the Ministry of Labor.
Personal finance2
Bounced cheques and unpaid negotiable invoices in Peru: what can you do if you are not paid?
If the bank refuses your cheque, ask it to record the refusal on the cheque itself: that counts as a formal protest and lets you sue. Writing a cheque without funds can also be a crime. A negotiable invoice the buyer accepted, expressly or by staying silent, can also be collected through fast-track court proceedings.
Partly verifiedProtested bills of exchange and promissory notes in Peru: what 'protesto' means and what happens if you don't pay
'Protesto' is the notarial record that a bill of exchange (letra de cambio) or a promissory note (pagaré) wasn't paid or accepted on time. A título valor that meets its formal requirements already has 'mérito ejecutivo' on its own (Article 18 of Law No. 27287), so the protesto — or a 'sin protesto' clause written into the document — is what lets the creditor sue you directly through the fast executive process, without needing a prior lawsuit to establish that you owe the debt.
Family & inheritance1
Pets1
Paid documents
Everything above is free. You build these documents with your business details from a fixed template; the price and terms are on each one's page. Not legal advice or representation.
MYPE pack: 2 documents for your business
For someone running a small business who wants the two documents that come up most: answering a complaints-book reclamo and filing a defence with Sunafil.
Paid · available soonResponse letter to a complaints-book reclamo or queja
A customer left a reclamo or queja in your complaints book and you answer it in writing.
Paid · available soonCompany's written defence (descargos) in a Sunafil sanction proceeding
Sunafil served you an infraction record, a statement of charges or the final investigation report, and you file your defence.